Ensayos | Izquierdas y nación: vicios cipayos (Parte I) - Comenzamos con las tiradas de un ensayo escrito por nuestro compañero acerca de la problemática anudada entre el pensamiento de izquierda y la concepción de la nación. Aquí la primera parte...

Comenzamos con las tiradas de un ensayo escrito por nuestro compañero acerca de la problemática anudada entre el pensamiento de izquierda y la concepción de la nación. Aquí la primera parte…

Por Amílcar Ugarte 

Lea también la parte II

Hay una evidente superioridad de la derecha. No podemos negarlo. La izquierda está como amilanada, detrás de las fuerzas del ala opuesta. Pero esto no es pura casualidad. El dominio de la derecha –las derechas- sobre la izquierda –las izquierdas- es atroz. Hay una superposición impresionante, quizás inédita, de las derechas, en sus distintas expresiones, sobre las izquierdas en casi todos los campos; y donde no, existe una impotencia determinada en los grupos de izquierda que imposibilita la acción o la vuelve estéril y hasta contraproducente.
El manejo hegemónico de las derechas no puede ser puesto en duda; deberíamos caer en un cinismo bastante preocupante para negarlo y negar su marcada influencia. Especialmente desde lo simbólico –escuadrón mayor en el trabajo de difusión y persuasión- se ejerce una dominación relativamente invisible que recorta los canales de expresión, manipula descaradamente el imaginario social, descentraliza las subjetividades, atenta contra la originalidad y la creatividad, excluye y demoniza la pobreza –pobre es sinónimo de delincuente y seguridad de muro protector y balas y cárceles- y, fundamentalmente, estigmatiza la organización y la movilización.
El que habla, reclama, se organiza y se moviliza, crea disturbios que interrumpen el bucólico bienestar social. Ese meta-mensaje –repetido y consolidado mediante complejos pero didácticos mecanismos de comunicación- cae como una lluvia especialmente sobre las clases medias –en las cuales se agrupa el rencor por no ser, el temor por caer, la vana esperanza superflua y el cosquilleo moralista que lleva a la caridad- y las va gorilizando poco a poco, las convierte en clases reaccionarias, en la tropa de vanguardia para los intereses de los de más arriba.

Las clases medias son esos focos sociales en donde se ha perdido absolutamente toda autenticidad; lugar donde deambulan seres a disgusto, banales soñadores que solo acumulan mayor resentimiento; porque son a las clases medias hacia donde se dirigen todos los enunciados patrocinadores de un modelo de consumo y competencia tenaz. Pero, bueno, también vale aclarar que no toda la clase media se define por esos caracteres y hay una porción de ella que acompaña en el movimiento a las clases trabajadoras e integra la franja nacional.Cuando hablamos de las derechas, no hay que olvidar, no hablamos solo de un grupo derechista que aparece maquillado, negando su carácter de clase –porque se fundamentan en la muerte de las ideologías y de los grandes relatos-, sino que también se trata de un grupo acentuadamente anti-nacional que pretende hipotecar el patrimonio nacional y echar por tierra cualquier posibilidad concreta de realizar un proyecto de nacional.

Porque no somos una nación y ellos quieren que nunca lo seamos. Lo nacional, el concepto de nación, no aparece en sus discursos o lo hace implícitamente y cargado de un altísimo perfil peyorativo. Nación es mala palabra, porque nación implica reivindicar lo propio. ¿Y qué más propio sino que la propia tierra? Si hay nación, la gran propiedad sobre la tierra queda inmediatamente puesta en jaque. Nación y gran propiedad privada no se llevan bien, porque una es el fundamento para la inexistencia de la otra.

Porque nación no es una entidad espiritual, una fuerza intangible, que reúne a todos bajo un mismo sentimiento armónico y romántico; nación es una concepción absolutamente material: nación es esa tierra que reúne e identifica y de la cual todos, al ser miembros de la nación, somos sus dueños. Es, podríamos decir, aquella espiritualidad llevada a la práctica. Si vemos bien, ese nacionalismo que vastos sectores de insospechable izquierdismo defienden a capa y espada, tiene grandes semejanzas con el comunismo; es, digamos, un comunismo espiritual. Solo que ahí no hay problemas, ahora, cuando algunos locos de remate pretenden transcribirlo en la materia, es cuando eclosionan.Es esta indiferencia con respecto a lo nacional el punto de contacto con amplios sectores de la izquierda. Contacto que, por cierto, nos lleva a pensar, ¿Ese dominio casi tiránico de las derechas anti-nacionales no se deberá, en parte, a cierta torpeza política de la izquierda? ¿Hay responsabilidades compartidas, explicaciones lógicas y descifrables, o estamos ante la presencia de la derecha como un demonio muy malo que no se apiada de un grupo de izquierda laborioso e insistente, además de ser inmaculado? ¿La contundente hegemonía derechista no se deberá, entre otras cosas, a que la izquierda nunca supo cómo hacer para pararse dentro de la lista de adversarios confiables, convincentes y con posibilidades reales de poder? ¿No habrá algo de exclusión por errores no forzados? Son algunas puntas que, en una profunda auto-crítica, la izquierda debería ver y rever varias veces para comprender y poder presentarse como una fuerza transformadora con posibilidades fácticas y dejar ya esa celda de ensimismamiento y soledad en la que terminó, de una u otra manera, encerrada.

El fantasma de la dictadura sembró terror y cosechó actores políticos castrados, olvidadizos de aquella esencia material caracterizada en la nación –no como categoría abstracta sino como expresión práctica-. Ni los –en apariencia- más revolucionarios y disconformes lograron salvarse de la castración.

Tal vez muchos la hayan aceptado desde un primer momento; otros la recibieron a fuerza de sangre y jóvenes muertes, pero todos, absolutamente todos los que por entonces aparecían como fuerza transformadora, pasaron por ese bisturí imaginario y se incorporaron, luego, a las filas de la partidocracia destilada. Los grupos de izquierda que siempre estuvieron a la par de los anti-nacionales, no tuvieron necesidad de ser castrados: ellos, de entrada nomás, no reivindicaban esa esencia material, no se preocuparon, en términos freudianos, de la madre y asumieron conformes los designios del padre.
Lo que fue arrebatado durante el último golpe militar –y que es lo que despertaba las broncas que impulsaron a todos los golpes- fue esa esencia material que se quería recuperar; esa nación que comenzaba a formarse. El enemigo, para ellos, no era precisamente la izquierda, sino que eran los nacionales. La voz histórica algo de eso cuenta.

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